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Miracle Medicine Sdn Bhd
Miracle Medicine Sdn Bhd (1074325-W)
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血流剩一半还没感觉!高危险群怕中风 可以做这个检查

19-Jul-2019
脑部血管负责运送从心脏打出来的血液,经过颈动脉到脑部。在颈部前方两侧的颈动脉,是通往脑部最重要的血管,供应大脑3/4的血液循环。一旦颈动脉狭窄或阻塞,脑部的循环会受影响,将大幅增加罹患缺血性脑中风的机率。
 
根据统计,颈动脉狭窄程度在50%以上,每年中风的机率约为1%到1.6%,到了第五年如果还没有处理狭窄问题,中风的机率可达13%到18%。可怕的是动脉硬化早期完全没有症状,即使颈动脉已经产生硬化斑块,狭窄超过一半,大部分人都不会感到不适。
 
「男性超过50岁、女性停经后,有脑中风、动脉硬化或狭窄病史,有高血压、高血糖及高血脂三高的民众,都是中风高危险群,」台北慈济医院神经科医师林信光表示,如果都没有以上问题,但已经50岁以上,仍然建议定期做检查,提早预防,避免中风上身。
 
颈动脉超音波可以检查血管壁、测量血流
林信光表示,颈动脉超音波具有对人体无害、准确性高等优点,很适合做为脑中风高危险群的第一线检查工具。林信光说明,颈动脉超音波是运用超音波反射原理,检查血管壁表面及内部是否有粥状硬化状况,同时测量血流,可以看出颈部大动脉硬化或狭窄的状况,以及血管壁厚薄、血流速等诊断资料。
 
「轻微血管狭窄并不会影响血流量,对脑细胞养分及氧气的供应也不至于造成影响,但狭窄程度在50%以上时,血流速就开始加快,一般来说,血流速只要超过每秒125公分以上,就是警戒值,」林信光解释,狭窄造成血流速过快,更容易增加血管壁的压力,长期下来,会让血管硬化狭窄情况更严重。
 
颈动脉狭窄可分成3种程度治疗
依颈动脉狭窄程度,临床上有不同处理方式。林信光指出,狭窄程度在30%以下,属轻度狭窄,如有三高状况,会加速动脉硬化速度,所以最好有效控制并定期超音波追踪;狭窄程度超过50%,要给予抗血小板药物,例如阿斯匹灵类药物,以减缓动脉硬化进行的速度;而60%以上的狭窄,血流会有明显变化,就要考虑放置支架,将血管撑开,降低脑中风的危机。
 
林信光提醒,脑中风对人体的伤害很大,民众务必留意身体状况,一旦发生身体半边无力,但几分钟或几小时后又好起来;或是短暂单侧视力丧失、讲话困难等,属于暂时性脑缺血现象,不可轻忽,需尽速找专业医师诊断治疗。
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